There are three important propositions on the problem of over population. At one extreme is the view that the population is not only already too large, but is also growing at too rapid a rate, and that something should be done immediately, to arrest this growth. At the other extreme is the view that the apprehensions about population size and growth are quite unwarranted. Between these two extreme views, is the one, which I believe is subscribed to, by a majority of people, a confused and ambivalent one on population size and growth. Thus the problem of over population, when discussed in the abstract, evokes a controversy. One would, therefore, hope to drive home the problem of over population by relating it to resources available. But his, too lends itself to controversy, since there are tow extreme views part from a third confused and ambivalent one on population and resources as well. One is called the natural earth view while the other is termed as the Social-economic view. To put it briefly, the natural earth view, is that, the land (for growing food ) and other resources are fixed or finite and that sooner or later it will be impossible to find adequate resources if the growth of population is not adequately checked and controlled. Those who hold the natural earth view, as view as those who hold the social-economic opinion are agreed that the demand for resources has been growing not only because of growth of population, but also because of an increase in the per capita consumption of resources. this is the only point they have agreed upon. Those who hold the social economic view point to a third and outside factor leads to resource depletion. Not that the distinction between renewable sources is far from absolute, they say that some faulty economic policies and programmes pursued by governments are also responsible for resource depletion. Before going on to discuss the two extreme views on population and resources, two observations are in order. One is that we do not know the relative contributions of population growth, of the increase in per capita consumption an of faculty economic policies and programmes to resources depletion. The other is that due to unnecessarily high.