Most people, when asked what spiritual quality in needed to rebuild civilization, will reply ‘Love’ . Men must love one another, whey say, nations must do likewise. Respectfully but firmly, I disagree. Love is a great force in private life; it is indeed the greatest of all things; but love in public affairs does not work. It has been tried again and again; by the christian civilization of the Middle Ages, and also by the French Revolution, a secular movementt which reasserted the brotherhood of man. And it has always failed. The idea that nations should love one another, or that business concerns oor marketing boards should love one another, or that a man in Portugal, should love a man in Peru of whom he has never heard is absurd, unreal, dangerous. It leads us into perilous and vague sentimentatism. ‘Love’ is what is needed, we chant and then sit back and the world goes on as before. The fact is we can only love what we know personaly. And we cannot know must. In public affairs, in the rebuilding of our civilization, something much less dramatic and emotional is needed, namely, tolerance. Tolerance is a very dull virtue. It is negative. It merely means putting u[ with people, being able to stand things. No one has ever written an ode to tolerance, or raised a statue to her. Yet this is the quality which will be most needed after the war. This is the sound-state of mind which we are looing for. This is the only force which will enable different races and classes and interests to settle down together to the work of reconstruction. The world is very full or people—appallingly full; it has never been so full before, and they are all tumbling over each other. Most of these people one doesn't know and some of them one doesn't like; doesn't like the colour of their skins. Democracy, as a way of life and not a more political arrangement, requires of its adherents a regard not only for their own rights but equal rights for all its members, regadless of race, religion, sex, occupation or economic status. Education is the great instrument of social emancipation by which a democracy establishes, maintains and protests the spirit of equality among its members, If we will have confidence in one another. We will alow freedom of conscience to others like ourselves are comperent to work out their own salvation.